Franc CFA : une monnaie de plomb

This is the second part of the seminar, "A Hard Currency of Politics?". The discussion centers on the "The Currency of Politics" by Stefan Eich and is hosted by the journal European Law Open. Stefan Eich's presentation of his argument starts at minute 7:53. The discussion centers on the historic …

The article by the European Council of Foreign Relations argues that Europe's economic actions in response to the Russian invasion into Urkaine have been decisive, different from the EU's external image, but that this response should yet be better institutionalized. The author Hackenbroich proposes an Anti-Coercion Instrument on the EU …

What is money and how does it work? The short film reveals common misunderstandings of where money comes from, explains how money is created by banks and presents consequences of money as credit. The video is part of the campaign positive money, promoting the democratic control over money creation.

The last 15 years have seen extensive research into ecosystem service valuation (ESV), spurred by the Millenium Ecosystem Assessment in 2005 (Baveye, Baveye & Gowdy, 2016). Ecosystem services are defined as “the benefits people obtain from ecosystems” (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, p.V). For example, ecosystems provide the service of sequestering carbon which helps regulate the climate. Valuation means giving ecosystems or their services a monetary price, for example researchers have estimated that the carbon sequestration services of the Mediterranean Sea is between 100 and 1500 million euros per year. The idea of ESV was a response to the overuse of natural resources and degradation of ecosystems, allegedly due to their undervaluation and exclusion from the monetary economy. ESV can be used (1) for policy decision-making, for example allocating funding to a reforestation project (2) for setting payments to people who increase ecosystem services, for example a farmer increasing the organic carbon content of their soil, and (3) for determining fees for people who degrade ecosystem services, for example a company that causes deforestation.